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Gynäkologische Blutungsstörungen

Zuletzt revidiert:
Zuletzt revidiert von:
  1. Munro MG, Critchley HOD, Fraser IS et al. The two FIGO systems for normal and abnormal uterine bleeding symptoms and classification of causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years: 2018 revisions. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2018; 143: 393-408. pmid:30198563 PubMed  
  2. Fraser IS, Critchley HO, Broder M, Munro MG. The FIGO recommendations on terminologies and definitions for normal and abnormal uterine bleeding. Semin Reprod Med. 2011 Sep;29(5):383-90. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1287662. Epub 2011 Nov 7. PMID: 22065325. PubMed  
  3. Davis E, Sparzak PB. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding). StatPearls Internet. Treasure Island (FL). Last update 2019 Aug 2. Cited 2019 Dec 17. PMID: 30422508 PubMed  
  4. Gupta J, Sood A, Chodankar R. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding. BMJ Best Practice. Last reviewed: 23 Nov 2020; last updated: 31 Mar 2020. bestpractice.bmj.com  
  5. Knol HM, Mulder AB, Bogchelman DH et al. The prevalence of underlying bleeding disorders in patients with heavy menstrual bleeding with and without gynecologic abnormalities. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013;209:202.e1-7. PMID: 23727521. PubMed  
  6. Eraker R, Gravdal LC. Veileder i gynekologi. Gynekologiske blødningsforstyrrelser. Sist rev. 2015. www.legeforeningen.no  
  7. Halimeh S. Jugendliche mit Menorrhagie –diagnostisches und therapeutisches Vorgehen. Korasion 2016; 31: 29-31. www.kindergynaekologie.de  
  8. Jacobson AE, Vesely SK, Koch T, et al. Patterns of von Willebrand Disease Screening in Girls and Adolescents With Heavy Menstrual Bleeding. Obstet Gynecol 2018. pmid:29742662 PubMed  
  9. Deutsches Institut für Medizinische Dokumentation und Information (DIMDI): ICD-10-GM Version 2021. Stand 18.09.2020; letzter Zugriff 23.12.2020 www.dimdi.de  
  10. Warner PE, Critchley HO, Lumsden MA, Campbell-Brown M, Douglas A, Murray GD. Menorrhagia I: measured blood loss, clinical features, and outcome in women with heavy periods: a survey with follow-up data. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004; 190: 1216-23. PubMed  
  11. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Heavy menstrual bleeding: assessment and management. NICE guideline NG88. Published date: March 2018 Last updated: November 2018. Cited Dec 2019. www.nice.org.uk  
  12. Wouk N, Helton M. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Premenopausal Women. Am Fam Phys 2019; 99: 435-43. pmid:30932448 PubMed  
  13. Roberts TE, Tsourapas A, Middleton LJ, et al. Hysterectomy, endometrial ablation, and levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine system (Mirena) for treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding: cost effectiveness analysis. BMJ 2011; 342: D2202. BMJ (DOI)  
  14. Lethaby A, Wise MR, Weterings MAJ et al. Combined hormonal contraceptives for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2019, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD000154. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000154.pub3. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov  
  15. Bofill Rodriguez M, Lethaby A, Low C, Cameron IT. Cyclical progestogens for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2019, Issue 8. Art. No.: CD001016. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov  
  16. Heliovaara-Peippo S, Hurskainen R, Teperi J, et al. Quality of life and costs of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system or hysterectomy in the treatment of menorrhagia: a 10-year randomized controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2013 Dec;209(6):535.e1-535.e14. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov  
  17. Bofill Rodriguez M, Lethaby A, Jordan V. Progestogen-releasing intrauterine systems for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Jun 12;6:CD002126. www.cochranelibrary.com  
  18. Kaunitz AM, Bissonnette F, Monteiro I, et al. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system or medroxyprogesterone for heavy menstrual bleeding: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 2010; 116: 625-32. PubMed  
  19. Gupta J, Kai J, Middleton L, et al. Levonorgestrel intrauterine system versus medical therapy for menorrhagia. N Engl J Med 2013; 368: 128-37. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov  
  20. Bryant‐Smith AC, Lethaby A, Farquhar C, Hickey M. Antifibrinolytics for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2018, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD000249. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000249.pub2. The Cochrane Library  
  21. Bofill Rodriguez M, Lethaby A, Farquhar C. Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2019, Issue 9. Art. No.: CD000400. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov  
  22. Kuppermann M, Varner RE, Summitt RL, et al. Effect of hysterectomy vs medical treatment on health-related quality of life and sexual functioning. The medicine or surgery (Ms) randomized trial. JAMA 2004; 291:1447-455. Journal of the American Medical Association  
  23. Bofill Rodriguez M, Lethaby A, Grigore M, Brown J, Hickey M, Farquhar C. Endometrial resection and ablation techniques for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2019, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD001501. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov  
  24. Sowter MC, Lethaby A, Singla AA. Pre-operative endometrial thinning agents before endometrial destruction for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 15 Nov 2013. CD010241.pub2 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov  
  25. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. National evidence-based clinical guidelines: the management of menorrhagia in secondary care. Accessed January 23, 2007, at: http://www.rcog.org.uk/index/asp?PageID=692.
  26. Sambrook AM, Elders A, Cooper KG. Microwave endometrial ablation versus thermal balloon endometrial ablation (MEATBall): 5-year follow up of a randomised controlled trial. BJOG 2014. pmid: 24506529 PubMed  
  27. Fergusson RJ, Lethaby A, Shepperd S, Farquhar C. Endometrial resection and ablation versus hysterectomy for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 11. Art. No.: CD000329.pub2. The Cochrane Library  
  28. Middleton LJ, Champaneria R, Daniels JP, et al. Hysterectomi, endometrial destruction, and levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine system (Mirena) for heavy menstrual bleeding: systematic review and meta-analysis of data from individual patients. BMJ 2010; 341: c3771. pmid: 20713583 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov  
  • Thomas M. Heim, Dr. med., Wissenschaftsjournalist, Freiburg