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Schwangerschafts- und Wochenbettdepression

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Definition:
Peripartale Depressionen umfassen die antenatale, in der Schwangerschaft auftretende, sowie die postpartale Depression, die meist innerhalb von 4 Wochen nach der Geburt auftritt.
Häufigkeit:
Prävalenz ca. 10–15 % aller Schwangeren/Gebärenden.
Symptome:
Niedergeschlagenheit, Weinanfälle, Freudlosigkeit, Schlaflosigkeit, Erschöpfung, Essstörungen, Suizidgedanken sowie wiederkehrende Gedanken an den Tod.
Befunde:
Die klinischen Befunde sind sehr vielfältig und meist Folge der psychischen Belastung.
Diagnostik:
Insbesondere eingehende Anamnese, ggf. gestützt durch Fragebögen, sowie klinische Untersuchung. Weitere Untersuchungen sind insbesondere zum Ausschluss von Differenzialdiagnosen von Bedeutung.
Therapie:
Entlastung und Unterstützung, ggf. Psychotherapie und Antidepressiva. Stationäre Behandlung bei schwerer Depression.
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  • NVL-Programm von BÄK, KBV, AWMF. Nationale VersorgungsLeitlinie. Unipolare Depression. S3, Stand 2017. www.awmf.org .
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  • Moritz Paar, Dr. med., Facharzt für Allgemeinmedizin, Münster/W.